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Scripture Explorer

Search and study eschatology passages by corpus, book, theme, language, and connected research records.

The explorer supplies concise, attributed excerpts only where licensing permits. It is a research map, not a substitute for consulting a complete critical edition or authorized translation.

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Hebrew Bible · Daniel

Daniel 12:1–3

Distress, deliverance, and resurrection

DISPUTED
Disputed

An unparalleled distress precedes deliverance and the awakening of many from the dust.

There shall be a time of trouble, such as never was since there was a nation... and many of them that sleep in the dust of the earth shall awake...

King James Version (public domain) unless otherwise noted

Immediate context and meaning

The conclusion to Daniel's final vision joins crisis, written names, resurrection, wisdom, and sealed words.

Historical setting

  • The passage is central to Jewish resurrection development and later Christian tribulation interpretation.

Cross-references

Original-language notes

Interpretation summaries (2)

Maccabean crisis horizon

Historical-critical readings connect the distress and resurrection hope with persecution under Antiochus IV.

DISPUTED
Disputed

Final eschatological horizon

Jewish and Christian traditions also read the passage as a final resurrection and judgment text.

DISPUTED
Disputed
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Passage source coverage3 linked sources
  • Primary text1
  • Manuscript or critical text2

Coverage describes source types present; it is not a truth score or certainty percentage.

Passage citation notes (3)
  1. Primary textDaniel

    Locator: Daniel 12:1–3

    Supplies kingdom, Son of Man, seventy-weeks, desecration, distress, and resurrection material. Relevant locator for this record: Daniel 12:1–3.

  2. Manuscript or critical textBiblia Hebraica Stuttgartensia

    Locator: Daniel 12:1–3

    Provides the Masoretic Hebrew and Aramaic text with a compact critical apparatus. Relevant locator for this record: Daniel 12:1–3.

  3. Manuscript or critical textSeptuaginta, Rahlfs-Hanhart edition

    Locator: Daniel 12:1–3

    Provides a standard critical edition for studying Greek translations of the Hebrew Scriptures and their later reuse. Relevant locator for this record: Daniel 12:1–3.

Passage sources (3)
Source coverage3 linked sources
  • Primary text1
  • Manuscript or critical text2

Coverage identifies source families present; it is not a truth score or certainty percentage.

Daniel

primary text

Coverage class: Primary text

Relevant text: Daniel 2; 7–12

What it supports: Supplies kingdom, Son of Man, seventy-weeks, desecration, distress, and resurrection material.

Limitations: Dating, historical referents, and future extensions are heavily disputed.

Access and reuse: Source-specific terms apply

Consult the source or publisher before reproducing protected text, images, or apparatus content.

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Biblia Hebraica Stuttgartensia

critical text edition

Coverage class: Manuscript or critical text

Author or issuer: Deutsche Bibelgesellschaft

Relevant text: Biblia Hebraica Stuttgartensia: edition description and compact critical apparatus

Publication date: 1977; later printings

What it supports: Provides the Masoretic Hebrew and Aramaic text with a compact critical apparatus.

Limitations: Its apparatus and base manuscript require specialist use; later projects revise and expand portions of the edition.

Access and reuse: Publisher-controlled critical edition

Christ.cx links to the publisher and does not reproduce the proprietary apparatus.

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Septuaginta, Rahlfs-Hanhart edition

critical text edition

Coverage class: Manuscript or critical text

Author or issuer: Alfred Rahlfs; revised by Robert Hanhart

Relevant text: Rahlfs-Hanhart Septuaginta: edition description and textual scope

Publication date: revised edition 2006

What it supports: Provides a standard critical edition for studying Greek translations of the Hebrew Scriptures and their later reuse.

Limitations: The Septuagint is a collection with diverse translation histories; one edition cannot represent every textual form.

Access and reuse: Publisher-controlled critical edition

Christ.cx links to the publisher and does not reproduce the proprietary apparatus.

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Integrated report provenance (3)

Hebrew Bible · Jeremiah

Jeremiah 30:7

A time of distress for Jacob

DISPUTED
Disputed

An unparalleled distress is embedded within promises of Israel and Judah's restoration.

Alas! for that day is great, so that none is like it: it is even the time of Jacob's trouble; but he shall be saved out of it.

King James Version (public domain) unless otherwise noted

Immediate context and meaning

The Book of Consolation combines severe crisis with return, covenant renewal, and restoration.

Historical setting

  • The language is applied differently to exile, historical crisis, and future tribulation systems.

Cross-references

Original-language notes

Interpretation summaries (2)

Dispensational link

Some futurist systems identify this directly with a future tribulation focused on Israel.

DISPUTED
Disputed

Restoration context

Other readings emphasize exile and restoration patterns without adopting the full later chronology.

DISPUTED
Disputed
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Passage source coverage3 linked sources
  • Primary text1
  • Manuscript or critical text2

Coverage describes source types present; it is not a truth score or certainty percentage.

Passage citation notes (3)
  1. Primary textJeremiah

    Locator: Jeremiah 30:7

    Provides distress-and-restoration language often linked to tribulation models. Relevant locator for this record: Jeremiah 30:7.

  2. Manuscript or critical textBiblia Hebraica Stuttgartensia

    Locator: Jeremiah 30:7

    Provides the Masoretic Hebrew and Aramaic text with a compact critical apparatus. Relevant locator for this record: Jeremiah 30:7.

  3. Manuscript or critical textSeptuaginta, Rahlfs-Hanhart edition

    Locator: Jeremiah 30:7

    Provides a standard critical edition for studying Greek translations of the Hebrew Scriptures and their later reuse. Relevant locator for this record: Jeremiah 30:7.

Passage sources (3)
Source coverage3 linked sources
  • Primary text1
  • Manuscript or critical text2

Coverage identifies source families present; it is not a truth score or certainty percentage.

Jeremiah

primary text

Coverage class: Primary text

Relevant text: Jeremiah 30–33

What it supports: Provides distress-and-restoration language often linked to tribulation models.

Limitations: The relationship to later apocalyptic sequences is interpretive.

Access and reuse: Source-specific terms apply

Consult the source or publisher before reproducing protected text, images, or apparatus content.

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Biblia Hebraica Stuttgartensia

critical text edition

Coverage class: Manuscript or critical text

Author or issuer: Deutsche Bibelgesellschaft

Relevant text: Biblia Hebraica Stuttgartensia: edition description and compact critical apparatus

Publication date: 1977; later printings

What it supports: Provides the Masoretic Hebrew and Aramaic text with a compact critical apparatus.

Limitations: Its apparatus and base manuscript require specialist use; later projects revise and expand portions of the edition.

Access and reuse: Publisher-controlled critical edition

Christ.cx links to the publisher and does not reproduce the proprietary apparatus.

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Septuaginta, Rahlfs-Hanhart edition

critical text edition

Coverage class: Manuscript or critical text

Author or issuer: Alfred Rahlfs; revised by Robert Hanhart

Relevant text: Rahlfs-Hanhart Septuaginta: edition description and textual scope

Publication date: revised edition 2006

What it supports: Provides a standard critical edition for studying Greek translations of the Hebrew Scriptures and their later reuse.

Limitations: The Septuagint is a collection with diverse translation histories; one edition cannot represent every textual form.

Access and reuse: Publisher-controlled critical edition

Christ.cx links to the publisher and does not reproduce the proprietary apparatus.

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Integrated report provenance (2)

New Testament · Matthew

Matthew 24:21–28

Great Tribulation and intensified deception

TEXT
Explicit

The flight warning is followed by unparalleled distress, shortened days, deceptive signs, and a warning against localized claims about the coming.

For then shall be great tribulation, such as was not since the beginning of the world to this time … For there shall arise false Christs, and false prophets, and shall shew great signs and wonders.

King James Version (public domain)

Immediate context and meaning

The phrase thlipsis megalē describes severe pressure or distress and deliberately echoes Daniel 12:1. The superlative language has been read as literal global uniqueness, prophetic hyperbole for a covenantal catastrophe, or typological language that joins a near crisis to a final one.

The section also returns to deception. Even impressive signs do not override the passage's criteria. The coming is compared to lightning, opposing secret or geographically restricted announcements.

Historical setting

  • Josephus describes extreme siege suffering, famine, factional violence, enslavement, and mass death in 70 CE; his rhetoric resembles ancient superlative catastrophe language.
  • Later persecuted communities repeatedly recognized their own experience in the passage, while futurist systems expect a final concentrated fulfillment.

Cross-references

Original-language notes

Interpretation summaries (3)

Jewish War fulfillment

Preterist readings identify the unparalleled distress with the siege and destruction of Jerusalem.

INTERPRETATION
Reasonable Interpretation

Age-long tribulation with final intensification

Amillennial and idealist readings see tribulation throughout the age, potentially climaxing shortly before the return.

INTERPRETATION
Reasonable Interpretation

Future concentrated crisis

Futurist readings place the Great Tribulation in a final bounded period under the adversary.

INTERPRETATION
Disputed

Explicit in the passage

  • A period of very great distress follows the abomination warning.
  • The days are shortened for the sake of the elect.
  • False messiahs and prophets perform signs.
  • The coming is not to be accepted as a secret localized report.

Not explicit in the passage

  • The passage does not call the entire seven years 'the Tribulation.'
  • It does not state a rapture position.
  • It does not identify a modern regime or technology.
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Passage source coverage7 linked sources
  • Primary text3
  • Manuscript or critical text1
  • Ancient history1
  • Research provenance2

Coverage describes source types present; it is not a truth score or certainty percentage.

Passage citation notes (7)
  1. Primary textGospel according to Matthew

    Locator: Matthew 24:21–28

    Primary source for the Matthew 24 passage navigator and text-only sequence. Relevant locator for this record: Matthew 24:21–28.

  2. Manuscript or critical textKing James Version

    Locator: Matthew 24:21–28

    Supplies short attributed excerpts used in the passage tools. Relevant locator for this record: Matthew 24:21–28.

  3. Primary textDaniel

    Locator: Matthew 24:21–28

    Supplies kingdom, Son of Man, seventy-weeks, desecration, distress, and resurrection material. Relevant locator for this record: Matthew 24:21–28.

  4. Primary textJeremiah

    Locator: Matthew 24:21–28

    Provides distress-and-restoration language often linked to tribulation models. Relevant locator for this record: Matthew 24:21–28.

  5. Ancient historyThe Jewish War

    Locator: Matthew 24:21–28

    Major narrative source for the Jewish War and the destruction of Jerusalem. Relevant locator for this record: Matthew 24:21–28.

  6. Research provenanceThe Great Tribulation: Biblical Origins and Interpretations

    Locator: Matthew 24:21–28

    Integrated analysis of thlipsis, Matthew 24, and competing tribulation models. Relevant locator for this record: Matthew 24:21–28.

  7. Research provenanceGreat Tribulation Eschatology Research

    Locator: Matthew 24:21–28

    Detailed treatment of Daniel 9, AD 70, macro-models, and gathering timing. Relevant locator for this record: Matthew 24:21–28.

Passage sources (7)
Source coverage7 linked sources
  • Primary text3
  • Manuscript or critical text1
  • Ancient history1
  • Research provenance2

Coverage identifies source families present; it is not a truth score or certainty percentage.

Gospel according to Matthew

primary text

Coverage class: Primary text

Relevant text: Matthew 24–25

What it supports: Primary source for the Matthew 24 passage navigator and text-only sequence.

Limitations: Relationship to Mark, Luke, Daniel, and Revelation requires literary analysis.

Access and reuse: Source-specific terms apply

Consult the source or publisher before reproducing protected text, images, or apparatus content.

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King James Version

public-domain translation

Coverage class: Manuscript or critical text

Author or issuer: Authorized Version

Publication date: 1611; public-domain edition

What it supports: Supplies short attributed excerpts used in the passage tools.

Limitations: Translation choices reflect early modern English and should be checked against the underlying languages.

Access and reuse: Source-specific terms apply

Consult the source or publisher before reproducing protected text, images, or apparatus content.

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Daniel

primary text

Coverage class: Primary text

Relevant text: Daniel 2; 7–12

What it supports: Supplies kingdom, Son of Man, seventy-weeks, desecration, distress, and resurrection material.

Limitations: Dating, historical referents, and future extensions are heavily disputed.

Access and reuse: Source-specific terms apply

Consult the source or publisher before reproducing protected text, images, or apparatus content.

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Jeremiah

primary text

Coverage class: Primary text

Relevant text: Jeremiah 30–33

What it supports: Provides distress-and-restoration language often linked to tribulation models.

Limitations: The relationship to later apocalyptic sequences is interpretive.

Access and reuse: Source-specific terms apply

Consult the source or publisher before reproducing protected text, images, or apparatus content.

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The Jewish War

ancient historical source

Coverage class: Ancient history

Author or issuer: Flavius Josephus

Relevant text: Books 4–7

Publication date: late first century CE

What it supports: Major narrative source for the Jewish War and the destruction of Jerusalem.

Limitations: Josephus writes with apologetic, political, and personal interests that require critical use.

Access and reuse: Source-specific terms apply

Consult the source or publisher before reproducing protected text, images, or apparatus content.

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The Great Tribulation: Biblical Origins and Interpretations

research report

Coverage class: Research provenance

Report: CCX-RPT-13

What it supports: Integrated analysis of thlipsis, Matthew 24, and competing tribulation models.

Limitations: Report inclusion records provenance, not independent verification.

Access and reuse: Source-specific terms apply

Consult the source or publisher before reproducing protected text, images, or apparatus content.

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Great Tribulation Eschatology Research

research report

Coverage class: Research provenance

Report: CCX-RPT-44

What it supports: Detailed treatment of Daniel 9, AD 70, macro-models, and gathering timing.

Limitations: Some sources within the report vary in scholarly quality and require review.

Access and reuse: Source-specific terms apply

Consult the source or publisher before reproducing protected text, images, or apparatus content.

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Integrated report provenance (3)

New Testament · Revelation

Revelation 7:9–17

The multitude from the great tribulation

DISPUTED
Disputed

A countless multitude from every nation stands before the throne and is identified with the great tribulation.

These are they which came out of great tribulation, and have washed their robes...

King James Version (public domain) unless otherwise noted

Immediate context and meaning

The vision follows sealing of the tribes and interrupts the seal sequence with a heavenly scene.

Historical setting

  • Traditions dispute whether the multitude is the whole persecuted people of God, martyrs, or a future tribulation group.

Cross-references

Original-language notes

Interpretation summaries (2)

Age-long persecution

The multitude represents the people of God through the whole age.

DISPUTED
Disputed

Future crisis

Futurist readings often identify a distinct group emerging from a final tribulation.

DISPUTED
Disputed
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Passage source coverage3 linked sources
  • Primary text1
  • Manuscript or critical text1
  • Modern scholarship1

Coverage describes source types present; it is not a truth score or certainty percentage.

Passage citation notes (3)
  1. Primary textRevelation

    Locator: Revelation 7:9–17

    Primary apocalyptic source for seals, trumpets, bowls, beasts, Armageddon, millennium, judgment, and new creation. Relevant locator for this record: Revelation 7:9–17.

  2. Manuscript or critical textNovum Testamentum Graece, 28th revised edition

    Locator: Revelation 7:9–17

    Provides a standard critical Greek text and apparatus for New Testament textual study. Relevant locator for this record: Revelation 7:9–17.

  3. Modern scholarshipA Greek-English Lexicon of the New Testament and Other Early Christian Literature

    Locator: Revelation 7:9–17

    Provides contextual senses, citations, and early Christian usage for Greek vocabulary. Relevant locator for this record: Revelation 7:9–17.

Passage sources (3)
Source coverage3 linked sources
  • Primary text1
  • Manuscript or critical text1
  • Modern scholarship1

Coverage identifies source families present; it is not a truth score or certainty percentage.

Revelation

primary text

Coverage class: Primary text

Relevant text: Revelation 1–22

What it supports: Primary apocalyptic source for seals, trumpets, bowls, beasts, Armageddon, millennium, judgment, and new creation.

Limitations: Genre, structure, chronology, dating, and symbolic referents remain disputed.

Access and reuse: Source-specific terms apply

Consult the source or publisher before reproducing protected text, images, or apparatus content.

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Novum Testamentum Graece, 28th revised edition

critical text edition

Coverage class: Manuscript or critical text

Author or issuer: Nestle-Aland / Institute for New Testament Textual Research

Relevant text: Novum Testamentum Graece, 28th revised edition: edition description and selective critical apparatus

Publication date: 28th revised edition

What it supports: Provides a standard critical Greek text and apparatus for New Testament textual study.

Limitations: The apparatus is selective, requires specialist interpretation, and does not by itself settle translation or theology.

Access and reuse: Publisher-controlled critical edition

Christ.cx links to the publisher and does not reproduce the proprietary apparatus.

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A Greek-English Lexicon of the New Testament and Other Early Christian Literature

scholarly lexicon

Coverage class: Modern scholarship

Author or issuer: Walter Bauer; revised by Frederick W. Danker

Publication date: 3rd English edition, 2000

What it supports: Provides contextual senses, citations, and early Christian usage for Greek vocabulary.

Limitations: Lexicon entries summarize evidence and interpretation; they do not replace reading each occurrence in context.

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Integrated report provenance (2)

0 selected · maximum 12Selections are sent only through the page URL.

TEXTINTERPRETATION

Sequence must be demonstrated, not assumed

A passage's internal order is evidence. A cross-book chronology is an interpretation that must disclose which texts are being combined, where gaps or recapitulation are proposed, and which alternatives remain viable.

Corpus provenance

Research inputs

Authentic source titles are shown for provenance. Raw report files remain private, and inclusion does not verify every claim.

  • CCX-RPT-13The Great Tribulation: Biblical Origins and Interpretations
  • CCX-RPT-14The Abomination of Desolation — Daniel, Jesus, and Historical Fulfillments
  • CCX-RPT-15Signs in the Sun, Moon, Stars, and Heavens in Biblical Prophecy
  • CCX-RPT-42Islamic Eschatology, al-Masīḥ, and the End of the Age: A Comparative and Missiological Analysis
  • CCX-RPT-43Jewish Eschatology and Exegetical Traditions: A Comprehensive Analysis of Biblical and Interpretive Frameworks
  • CCX-RPT-48Interfaith UX Principles for Neutrality in Disputed Beliefs
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