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Search and study eschatology passages by corpus, book, theme, language, and connected research records.

The explorer supplies concise, attributed excerpts only where licensing permits. It is a research map, not a substitute for consulting a complete critical edition or authorized translation.

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Hebrew Bible · Daniel

Daniel 7:13–14

One like a son of man

DISPUTED
Disputed

A human-like figure receives dominion in a heavenly court after beastly kingdoms are judged.

One like the Son of man came with the clouds of heaven... and there was given him dominion, and glory, and a kingdom...

King James Version (public domain) unless otherwise noted

Immediate context and meaning

The chapter interprets the beasts as kingdoms and also assigns the kingdom to the saints of the Most High.

Historical setting

  • Second Temple, rabbinic, Christian, and modern scholarship debate collective, angelic, and messianic readings.

Cross-references

Original-language notes

Interpretation summaries (2)

Collective reading

The human-like figure can represent the saints in contrast to beastly empires.

DISPUTED
Disputed

Individual/messianic reading

Jewish apocalyptic and Christian traditions also interpret the figure individually.

DISPUTED
Disputed
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Passage source coverage3 linked sources
  • Primary text1
  • Manuscript or critical text1
  • Modern scholarship1

Coverage describes source types present; it is not a truth score or certainty percentage.

Passage citation notes (3)
  1. Primary textDaniel

    Locator: Daniel 7:13–14

    Supplies kingdom, Son of Man, seventy-weeks, desecration, distress, and resurrection material. Relevant locator for this record: Daniel 7:13–14.

  2. Manuscript or critical textBiblia Hebraica Stuttgartensia

    Locator: Daniel 7:13–14

    Provides the Masoretic Hebrew and Aramaic text with a compact critical apparatus. Relevant locator for this record: Daniel 7:13–14.

  3. Modern scholarshipComprehensive Aramaic Lexicon

    Locator: Daniel 7:13–14

    Provides searchable Aramaic forms and citations across multiple dialects and periods. Relevant locator for this record: Daniel 7:13–14.

Passage sources (3)
Source coverage3 linked sources
  • Primary text1
  • Manuscript or critical text1
  • Modern scholarship1

Coverage identifies source families present; it is not a truth score or certainty percentage.

Daniel

primary text

Coverage class: Primary text

Relevant text: Daniel 2; 7–12

What it supports: Supplies kingdom, Son of Man, seventy-weeks, desecration, distress, and resurrection material.

Limitations: Dating, historical referents, and future extensions are heavily disputed.

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Biblia Hebraica Stuttgartensia

critical text edition

Coverage class: Manuscript or critical text

Author or issuer: Deutsche Bibelgesellschaft

Relevant text: Biblia Hebraica Stuttgartensia: edition description and compact critical apparatus

Publication date: 1977; later printings

What it supports: Provides the Masoretic Hebrew and Aramaic text with a compact critical apparatus.

Limitations: Its apparatus and base manuscript require specialist use; later projects revise and expand portions of the edition.

Access and reuse: Publisher-controlled critical edition

Christ.cx links to the publisher and does not reproduce the proprietary apparatus.

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Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon

scholarly digital lexicon

Coverage class: Modern scholarship

Author or issuer: Hebrew Union College project

Publication date: continuously maintained

What it supports: Provides searchable Aramaic forms and citations across multiple dialects and periods.

Limitations: Aramaic dialects must not be flattened; a form's meaning can shift across time and corpus.

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Integrated report provenance (2)

New Testament · 1 Thessalonians

1 Thessalonians 4:13–18

Resurrection, descent, and meeting

DISPUTED
Disputed

The passage comforts mourners with resurrection, descent, trumpet, and gathering language.

The dead in Christ shall rise first: Then we which are alive and remain shall be caught up together with them...

King James Version (public domain) unless otherwise noted

Immediate context and meaning

The paragraph answers grief concerning deceased believers before the Day-of-the-Lord discussion continues in chapter 5.

Historical setting

  • Later Christian traditions build differing rapture chronologies by relating this passage to Matthew 24, 2 Thessalonians 2, and Revelation.

Cross-references

Original-language notes

Interpretation summaries (2)

Shared core

The dead are raised and the living are gathered to meet the coming Lord.

DISPUTED
Disputed

Timing dispute

The paragraph does not independently state its position relative to a seven-year tribulation.

DISPUTED
Disputed
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Passage source coverage3 linked sources
  • Primary text1
  • Manuscript or critical text1
  • Modern scholarship1

Coverage describes source types present; it is not a truth score or certainty percentage.

Passage citation notes (3)
  1. Primary textFirst Thessalonians

    Locator: 1 Thessalonians 4:13–18

    Primary text for resurrection, gathering, and Day-of-the-Lord discussions. Relevant locator for this record: 1 Thessalonians 4:13–18.

  2. Manuscript or critical textNovum Testamentum Graece, 28th revised edition

    Locator: 1 Thessalonians 4:13–18

    Provides a standard critical Greek text and apparatus for New Testament textual study. Relevant locator for this record: 1 Thessalonians 4:13–18.

  3. Modern scholarshipA Greek-English Lexicon of the New Testament and Other Early Christian Literature

    Locator: 1 Thessalonians 4:13–18

    Provides contextual senses, citations, and early Christian usage for Greek vocabulary. Relevant locator for this record: 1 Thessalonians 4:13–18.

Passage sources (3)
Source coverage3 linked sources
  • Primary text1
  • Manuscript or critical text1
  • Modern scholarship1

Coverage identifies source families present; it is not a truth score or certainty percentage.

First Thessalonians

primary text

Coverage class: Primary text

Relevant text: 1 Thessalonians 4:13–5:11

What it supports: Primary text for resurrection, gathering, and Day-of-the-Lord discussions.

Limitations: Its chronological relation to Matthew 24 and Revelation is interpretive.

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Novum Testamentum Graece, 28th revised edition

critical text edition

Coverage class: Manuscript or critical text

Author or issuer: Nestle-Aland / Institute for New Testament Textual Research

Relevant text: Novum Testamentum Graece, 28th revised edition: edition description and selective critical apparatus

Publication date: 28th revised edition

What it supports: Provides a standard critical Greek text and apparatus for New Testament textual study.

Limitations: The apparatus is selective, requires specialist interpretation, and does not by itself settle translation or theology.

Access and reuse: Publisher-controlled critical edition

Christ.cx links to the publisher and does not reproduce the proprietary apparatus.

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A Greek-English Lexicon of the New Testament and Other Early Christian Literature

scholarly lexicon

Coverage class: Modern scholarship

Author or issuer: Walter Bauer; revised by Frederick W. Danker

Publication date: 3rd English edition, 2000

What it supports: Provides contextual senses, citations, and early Christian usage for Greek vocabulary.

Limitations: Lexicon entries summarize evidence and interpretation; they do not replace reading each occurrence in context.

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Integrated report provenance (1)

New Testament · Matthew

Matthew 24:32–35

Fig tree and 'this generation'

TEXT
Explicit

The fig-tree lesson emphasizes recognition and nearness, while the generation saying has become one of the discourse's central chronological disputes.

When ye shall see all these things, know that it is near, even at the doors. Verily I say unto you, This generation shall not pass, till all these things be fulfilled.

King James Version (public domain)

Immediate context and meaning

The fig-tree analogy links observable conditions with nearness. The following generation saying then places a temporal boundary around 'all these things,' but the referent of generation and the scope of the phrase are disputed.

Major proposals include the first-century generation, the Jewish people, a future generation that sees the signs, a morally characterized generation, or a statement focused on the certainty rather than calculable duration of the events. Each proposal has linguistic and contextual strengths and difficulties.

Historical setting

  • Ancient Greek genea commonly refers to a contemporaneous generation, though lineage, kind, or moral type can occur in some contexts.
  • The verse drove early expectation and remains a major test case for how systems handle apparent nearness.

Cross-references

Original-language notes

Interpretation summaries (3)

First-century generation

Preterist and many partial-preterist readings treat the contemporaries as the natural referent and place 'all these things' in the first-century crisis.

LANGUAGE
Reasonable Interpretation

Future sign-seeing generation

Many futurist readings understand the generation that sees the final signs as the one that will not pass before completion.

INTERPRETATION
Disputed

Layered or split horizon

Eclectic and amillennial readings may distinguish the near Temple crisis from the final coming while treating the saying as anchored in the near horizon or in the discourse's certainty.

INTERPRETATION
Disputed

Explicit in the passage

  • The fig-tree analogy teaches recognition of nearness.
  • The generation will not pass until all these things occur.
  • The discourse's words are declared certain even if creation passes away.

Not explicit in the passage

  • The verse does not define a generation as a fixed modern number of years.
  • It does not name a starting date for a countdown.
  • It does not authorize repeated deadline recalculation.
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Passage source coverage5 linked sources
  • Primary text2
  • Manuscript or critical text2
  • Research provenance1

Coverage describes source types present; it is not a truth score or certainty percentage.

Passage citation notes (5)
  1. Primary textGospel according to Matthew

    Locator: Matthew 24:32–35

    Primary source for the Matthew 24 passage navigator and text-only sequence. Relevant locator for this record: Matthew 24:32–35.

  2. Manuscript or critical textKing James Version

    Locator: Matthew 24:32–35

    Supplies short attributed excerpts used in the passage tools. Relevant locator for this record: Matthew 24:32–35.

  3. Manuscript or critical textGreek New Testament

    Locator: Matthew 24:32–35

    Supports lexical and grammatical notes. Relevant locator for this record: Matthew 24:32–35.

  4. Primary textRevelation

    Locator: Matthew 24:32–35

    Primary apocalyptic source for seals, trumpets, bowls, beasts, Armageddon, millennium, judgment, and new creation. Relevant locator for this record: Matthew 24:32–35.

  5. Research provenanceGreat Tribulation Eschatology Research

    Locator: Matthew 24:32–35

    Detailed treatment of Daniel 9, AD 70, macro-models, and gathering timing. Relevant locator for this record: Matthew 24:32–35.

Passage sources (5)
Source coverage5 linked sources
  • Primary text2
  • Manuscript or critical text2
  • Research provenance1

Coverage identifies source families present; it is not a truth score or certainty percentage.

Gospel according to Matthew

primary text

Coverage class: Primary text

Relevant text: Matthew 24–25

What it supports: Primary source for the Matthew 24 passage navigator and text-only sequence.

Limitations: Relationship to Mark, Luke, Daniel, and Revelation requires literary analysis.

Access and reuse: Source-specific terms apply

Consult the source or publisher before reproducing protected text, images, or apparatus content.

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King James Version

public-domain translation

Coverage class: Manuscript or critical text

Author or issuer: Authorized Version

Publication date: 1611; public-domain edition

What it supports: Supplies short attributed excerpts used in the passage tools.

Limitations: Translation choices reflect early modern English and should be checked against the underlying languages.

Access and reuse: Source-specific terms apply

Consult the source or publisher before reproducing protected text, images, or apparatus content.

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Greek New Testament

critical-language source

Coverage class: Manuscript or critical text

Relevant text: Matthew 24; Mark 13; Luke 21; 1–2 Thessalonians; Revelation

What it supports: Supports lexical and grammatical notes.

Limitations: A lexical range does not by itself determine an interpretive system.

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Consult the source or publisher before reproducing protected text, images, or apparatus content.

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Revelation

primary text

Coverage class: Primary text

Relevant text: Revelation 1–22

What it supports: Primary apocalyptic source for seals, trumpets, bowls, beasts, Armageddon, millennium, judgment, and new creation.

Limitations: Genre, structure, chronology, dating, and symbolic referents remain disputed.

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Consult the source or publisher before reproducing protected text, images, or apparatus content.

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Great Tribulation Eschatology Research

research report

Coverage class: Research provenance

Report: CCX-RPT-44

What it supports: Detailed treatment of Daniel 9, AD 70, macro-models, and gathering timing.

Limitations: Some sources within the report vary in scholarly quality and require review.

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Integrated report provenance (1)

New Testament · Matthew

Matthew 24:36–25:46

Unknown day, vigilance, faithful service, and judgment

TEXT
Explicit

The discourse turns from recognizing nearness to the impossibility of knowing the day or hour, then develops vigilance through household, stewardship, readiness, and judgment scenes.

But of that day and hour knoweth no man … Watch therefore: for ye know not what hour your Lord doth come.

King James Version (public domain)

Immediate context and meaning

The closing movement rejects date certainty and shifts attention to ethical readiness. The Noah analogy, household thief, faithful servant, ten virgins, entrusted talents, and judgment of the nations all make preparedness visible through conduct rather than calendar mastery.

Interpreters disagree over whether verse 36 begins a new subject, continues the same coming after changing its temporal emphasis, or introduces repeated applications. Whatever the structural decision, the passage does not reward date setting.

Historical setting

  • Ancient household management, wedding processions, debt and entrusted property, patronage, and royal judgment shape the parables' social world.
  • Date-setting movements repeatedly violated the section's epistemic restraint while claiming to honor its expectation.

Cross-references

Original-language notes

Interpretation summaries (3)

Same coming, unknown timing

Many amillennial, historic premillennial, and post-tribulation readings treat the section as ethical preparation for the same final coming described earlier.

INTERPRETATION
Reasonable Interpretation

Transition from 70 CE to final return

Partial-preterist readings often locate a transition near verse 36 from the knowable signs of Jerusalem's judgment to the unknowable final return.

INTERPRETATION
Disputed

Distinct judgments within a future program

Dispensational readings may distinguish the gathering, visible return, Israel-related judgments, and kingdom entrance across the parables.

INTERPRETATION
Disputed

Explicit in the passage

  • The day and hour are unknown.
  • The coming can interrupt ordinary life unexpectedly.
  • Servants are accountable for faithful conduct.
  • Readiness, stewardship, and treatment of vulnerable people carry judgment significance.

Not explicit in the passage

  • The passage does not permit a hidden date derived from other numbers.
  • It does not define watchfulness as constant headline speculation.
  • It does not reduce readiness to holding one timeline chart.
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Passage source coverage5 linked sources
  • Primary text4
  • Manuscript or critical text1

Coverage describes source types present; it is not a truth score or certainty percentage.

Passage citation notes (5)
  1. Primary textGospel according to Matthew

    Locator: Matthew 24:36–25:46

    Primary source for the Matthew 24 passage navigator and text-only sequence. Relevant locator for this record: Matthew 24:36–25:46.

  2. Manuscript or critical textKing James Version

    Locator: Matthew 24:36–25:46

    Supplies short attributed excerpts used in the passage tools. Relevant locator for this record: Matthew 24:36–25:46.

  3. Primary textGenesis

    Locator: Matthew 24:36–25:46

    Names Magog in the table of nations. Relevant locator for this record: Matthew 24:36–25:46.

  4. Primary textDaniel

    Locator: Matthew 24:36–25:46

    Supplies kingdom, Son of Man, seventy-weeks, desecration, distress, and resurrection material. Relevant locator for this record: Matthew 24:36–25:46.

  5. Primary textRevelation

    Locator: Matthew 24:36–25:46

    Primary apocalyptic source for seals, trumpets, bowls, beasts, Armageddon, millennium, judgment, and new creation. Relevant locator for this record: Matthew 24:36–25:46.

Passage sources (5)
Source coverage5 linked sources
  • Primary text4
  • Manuscript or critical text1

Coverage identifies source families present; it is not a truth score or certainty percentage.

Gospel according to Matthew

primary text

Coverage class: Primary text

Relevant text: Matthew 24–25

What it supports: Primary source for the Matthew 24 passage navigator and text-only sequence.

Limitations: Relationship to Mark, Luke, Daniel, and Revelation requires literary analysis.

Access and reuse: Source-specific terms apply

Consult the source or publisher before reproducing protected text, images, or apparatus content.

Open complete source record

King James Version

public-domain translation

Coverage class: Manuscript or critical text

Author or issuer: Authorized Version

Publication date: 1611; public-domain edition

What it supports: Supplies short attributed excerpts used in the passage tools.

Limitations: Translation choices reflect early modern English and should be checked against the underlying languages.

Access and reuse: Source-specific terms apply

Consult the source or publisher before reproducing protected text, images, or apparatus content.

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Genesis

primary text

Coverage class: Primary text

Relevant text: Genesis 10

What it supports: Names Magog in the table of nations.

Limitations: The genealogical name alone does not establish a direct end-time scenario.

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Consult the source or publisher before reproducing protected text, images, or apparatus content.

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Daniel

primary text

Coverage class: Primary text

Relevant text: Daniel 2; 7–12

What it supports: Supplies kingdom, Son of Man, seventy-weeks, desecration, distress, and resurrection material.

Limitations: Dating, historical referents, and future extensions are heavily disputed.

Access and reuse: Source-specific terms apply

Consult the source or publisher before reproducing protected text, images, or apparatus content.

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Revelation

primary text

Coverage class: Primary text

Relevant text: Revelation 1–22

What it supports: Primary apocalyptic source for seals, trumpets, bowls, beasts, Armageddon, millennium, judgment, and new creation.

Limitations: Genre, structure, chronology, dating, and symbolic referents remain disputed.

Access and reuse: Source-specific terms apply

Consult the source or publisher before reproducing protected text, images, or apparatus content.

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Integrated report provenance (3)

0 selected · maximum 12Selections are sent only through the page URL.

TEXTINTERPRETATION

Sequence must be demonstrated, not assumed

A passage's internal order is evidence. A cross-book chronology is an interpretation that must disclose which texts are being combined, where gaps or recapitulation are proposed, and which alternatives remain viable.

Corpus provenance

Research inputs

Authentic source titles are shown for provenance. Raw report files remain private, and inclusion does not verify every claim.

  • CCX-RPT-13The Great Tribulation: Biblical Origins and Interpretations
  • CCX-RPT-14The Abomination of Desolation — Daniel, Jesus, and Historical Fulfillments
  • CCX-RPT-15Signs in the Sun, Moon, Stars, and Heavens in Biblical Prophecy
  • CCX-RPT-42Islamic Eschatology, al-Masīḥ, and the End of the Age: A Comparative and Missiological Analysis
  • CCX-RPT-43Jewish Eschatology and Exegetical Traditions: A Comprehensive Analysis of Biblical and Interpretive Frameworks
  • CCX-RPT-48Interfaith UX Principles for Neutrality in Disputed Beliefs
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