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Passage research workspace

Scripture Explorer

Search and study eschatology passages by corpus, book, theme, language, and connected research records.

The explorer supplies concise, attributed excerpts only where licensing permits. It is a research map, not a substitute for consulting a complete critical edition or authorized translation.

Passage · context · language · history

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Hebrew Bible · Deuteronomy

Deuteronomy 13:1–3

Signs do not authenticate every messenger

TEXT
Explicit

A sign can occur while the claimant's message still fails the covenantal test.

If there arise among you a prophet... and the sign or the wonder come to pass... thou shalt not hearken...

King James Version (public domain) unless otherwise noted

Immediate context and meaning

The passage prioritizes covenant allegiance over spectacular performance.

Historical setting

  • Ancient Israelite law evaluates claims within a covenantal community and cannot be transferred mechanically to every later institution.

Cross-references

Original-language notes

Interpretation summaries (1)

Claim testing

Signs are evidence to examine, not self-authenticating proof of divine authorization.

TEXT
Explicit
Passage source coverage2 linked sources
  • Primary text1
  • Manuscript or critical text1

Coverage describes source types present; it is not a truth score or certainty percentage.

Passage citation notes (2)
  1. Primary textDeuteronomy

    Locator: Deuteronomy 13:1–3

    Provides tests of prophetic claims and restoration language. Relevant locator for this record: Deuteronomy 13:1–3.

  2. Manuscript or critical textBiblia Hebraica Stuttgartensia

    Locator: Deuteronomy 13:1–3

    Provides the Masoretic Hebrew and Aramaic text with a compact critical apparatus. Relevant locator for this record: Deuteronomy 13:1–3.

Passage sources (2)
Source coverage2 linked sources
  • Primary text1
  • Manuscript or critical text1

Coverage identifies source families present; it is not a truth score or certainty percentage.

Deuteronomy

primary text

Coverage class: Primary text

Relevant text: Deuteronomy 13; 18; 30

What it supports: Provides tests of prophetic claims and restoration language.

Limitations: Application to later figures is interpretive unless explicitly cited.

Access and reuse: Source-specific terms apply

Consult the source or publisher before reproducing protected text, images, or apparatus content.

Biblia Hebraica Stuttgartensia

critical text edition

Coverage class: Manuscript or critical text

Author or issuer: Deutsche Bibelgesellschaft

Relevant text: Biblia Hebraica Stuttgartensia: edition description and compact critical apparatus

Publication date: 1977; later printings

What it supports: Provides the Masoretic Hebrew and Aramaic text with a compact critical apparatus.

Limitations: Its apparatus and base manuscript require specialist use; later projects revise and expand portions of the edition.

Access and reuse: Publisher-controlled critical edition

Christ.cx links to the publisher and does not reproduce the proprietary apparatus.

Open provider
Integrated report provenance (2)

New Testament · 1 John

1 John 2:18–22

Antichrist and many antichrists

DISPUTED
Disputed

Johannine usage applies antichrist language to present teachers who deny a central confession.

Even now are there many antichrists; whereby we know that it is the last time.

King James Version (public domain) unless otherwise noted

Immediate context and meaning

The letter addresses secession, confession, deception, and communal fidelity.

Historical setting

  • Later Christian tradition combines this plural and doctrinal usage with other adversary texts into a single final figure.

Cross-references

Original-language notes

Interpretation summaries (2)

Explicit Johannine use

The text speaks of many antichrists already present.

DISPUTED
Disputed

Later composite tradition

A single future Antichrist arises through theological synthesis with other passages.

DISPUTED
Disputed
Passage source coverage3 linked sources
  • Primary text1
  • Manuscript or critical text1
  • Modern scholarship1

Coverage describes source types present; it is not a truth score or certainty percentage.

Passage citation notes (3)
  1. Primary textFirst John

    Locator: 1 John 2:18–22

    Defines antichrist language in the Johannine epistles and supplies tests of spirits. Relevant locator for this record: 1 John 2:18–22.

  2. Locator: 1 John 2:18–22

    Provides a standard critical Greek text and apparatus for New Testament textual study. Relevant locator for this record: 1 John 2:18–22.

  3. Locator: 1 John 2:18–22

    Provides contextual senses, citations, and early Christian usage for Greek vocabulary. Relevant locator for this record: 1 John 2:18–22.

Passage sources (3)
Source coverage3 linked sources
  • Primary text1
  • Manuscript or critical text1
  • Modern scholarship1

Coverage identifies source families present; it is not a truth score or certainty percentage.

First John

primary text

Coverage class: Primary text

Relevant text: 1 John 2:18–27; 4:1–6

What it supports: Defines antichrist language in the Johannine epistles and supplies tests of spirits.

Limitations: Later identification with a single future ruler is a theological synthesis.

Access and reuse: Source-specific terms apply

Consult the source or publisher before reproducing protected text, images, or apparatus content.

Novum Testamentum Graece, 28th revised edition

critical text edition

Coverage class: Manuscript or critical text

Author or issuer: Nestle-Aland / Institute for New Testament Textual Research

Relevant text: Novum Testamentum Graece, 28th revised edition: edition description and selective critical apparatus

Publication date: 28th revised edition

What it supports: Provides a standard critical Greek text and apparatus for New Testament textual study.

Limitations: The apparatus is selective, requires specialist interpretation, and does not by itself settle translation or theology.

Access and reuse: Publisher-controlled critical edition

Christ.cx links to the publisher and does not reproduce the proprietary apparatus.

Open provider

A Greek-English Lexicon of the New Testament and Other Early Christian Literature

scholarly lexicon

Coverage class: Modern scholarship

Author or issuer: Walter Bauer; revised by Frederick W. Danker

Publication date: 3rd English edition, 2000

What it supports: Provides contextual senses, citations, and early Christian usage for Greek vocabulary.

Limitations: Lexicon entries summarize evidence and interpretation; they do not replace reading each occurrence in context.

Access and reuse: Source-specific terms apply

Consult the source or publisher before reproducing protected text, images, or apparatus content.

Integrated report provenance (2)

New Testament · Revelation

Revelation 13:11–18

The second beast, signs, image, and mark

DISPUTED
Disputed

The vision describes coercive worship, deceptive signs, an image, and economic exclusion.

He doeth great wonders... and he causeth all... to receive a mark... that no man might buy or sell...

King James Version (public domain) unless otherwise noted

Immediate context and meaning

The second beast supports the first beast after the dragon's conflict with the woman's offspring.

Historical setting

  • Imperial cult, economic participation, symbolic identity, and future technology proposals compete in interpretation.

Cross-references

Original-language notes

Interpretation summaries (3)

Roman-imperial setting

The imagery can critique imperial worship and economic pressure in the first-century world.

DISPUTED
Disputed

Recurring system

Idealist readings see recurring coercive political-religious power.

DISPUTED
Disputed

Future system

Futurist readings expect a final concentrated mechanism of worship and commerce.

DISPUTED
Disputed
Passage source coverage2 linked sources
  • Primary text1
  • Manuscript or critical text1

Coverage describes source types present; it is not a truth score or certainty percentage.

Passage citation notes (2)
  1. Primary textRevelation

    Locator: Revelation 13:11–18

    Primary apocalyptic source for seals, trumpets, bowls, beasts, Armageddon, millennium, judgment, and new creation. Relevant locator for this record: Revelation 13:11–18.

  2. Locator: Revelation 13:11–18

    Provides a standard critical Greek text and apparatus for New Testament textual study. Relevant locator for this record: Revelation 13:11–18.

Passage sources (2)
Source coverage2 linked sources
  • Primary text1
  • Manuscript or critical text1

Coverage identifies source families present; it is not a truth score or certainty percentage.

Revelation

primary text

Coverage class: Primary text

Relevant text: Revelation 1–22

What it supports: Primary apocalyptic source for seals, trumpets, bowls, beasts, Armageddon, millennium, judgment, and new creation.

Limitations: Genre, structure, chronology, dating, and symbolic referents remain disputed.

Access and reuse: Source-specific terms apply

Consult the source or publisher before reproducing protected text, images, or apparatus content.

Novum Testamentum Graece, 28th revised edition

critical text edition

Coverage class: Manuscript or critical text

Author or issuer: Nestle-Aland / Institute for New Testament Textual Research

Relevant text: Novum Testamentum Graece, 28th revised edition: edition description and selective critical apparatus

Publication date: 28th revised edition

What it supports: Provides a standard critical Greek text and apparatus for New Testament textual study.

Limitations: The apparatus is selective, requires specialist interpretation, and does not by itself settle translation or theology.

Access and reuse: Publisher-controlled critical edition

Christ.cx links to the publisher and does not reproduce the proprietary apparatus.

Open provider
Integrated report provenance (2)

0 selected · maximum 12Selections are sent only through the page URL.

TEXTINTERPRETATION

Sequence must be demonstrated, not assumed

A passage's internal order is evidence. A cross-book chronology is an interpretation that must disclose which texts are being combined, where gaps or recapitulation are proposed, and which alternatives remain viable.

Corpus provenance

Research inputs

Authentic source titles are shown for provenance. Raw report files remain private, and inclusion does not verify every claim.

  • CCX-RPT-13The Great Tribulation: Biblical Origins and Interpretations
  • CCX-RPT-14The Abomination of Desolation — Daniel, Jesus, and Historical Fulfillments
  • CCX-RPT-15Signs in the Sun, Moon, Stars, and Heavens in Biblical Prophecy
  • CCX-RPT-42Islamic Eschatology, al-Masīḥ, and the End of the Age: A Comparative and Missiological Analysis
  • CCX-RPT-43Jewish Eschatology and Exegetical Traditions: A Comprehensive Analysis of Biblical and Interpretive Frameworks
  • CCX-RPT-48Interfaith UX Principles for Neutrality in Disputed Beliefs
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